With the exchange variation, White decides where to go. White sets the theme of the game. As a rule, White will not be averse to exchanging queens and moving into an endgame, as their pawn structure is simply better for the endgame. In addition, White usually has a small space advantage and can therefore manoeuvre better with their pieces.
These advantages for White are not so serious as to make the black position bad. It is just more difficult to play. Although Black has a choice of several good replies, it is not easy for them to play for a win. If you like to plan your game with a crystal-clear strategy that extends into the endgame, you should follow the example of the world champions Lasker and Fischer.
Would you like to learn this opening? You can find specialised opening training courses here: Ruy Lopez Exchange Variation